ISLAMABAD, Pakistan -- The election of the widower of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto to the presidency marked an emotional moment yesterday for the slain leader's supporters, but many Pakistanis wondered whether Asif Ali Zardari successfully could tackle the country's problems.

Chants of "Bhutto lives!" rang out in parliamentary chambers as regional and national lawmakers cast ballots overwhelmingly electing Mr. Zardari to replace President Pervez Musharraf, the longtime U.S. ally who stepped down in August rather than face impeachment charges.

Mr. Zardari won 480 of the 702 electoral college votes cast, election officials said, citing an unofficial tally.

The new president, likely to be sworn in Tuesday, will face a fast-deteriorating economy, a determined Islamic insurgency and an often-uneasy relationship with Washington, D.C.

A reminder of the violence gripping the country came even as the votes were being cast. At least 30 people were killed in a suicide bombing at a police checkpoint in the northwestern city of Peshawar, and elsewhere in the restive province, 24 people died in clashes after insurgents tried to kidnap a village elder.

Mr. Zardari, 53, who married Bhutto in 1987 in an arranged union that shocked her friends, had said while she was alive that he had no interest in politics. The former prime minister's contemporaries did not regard Mr. Zardari, the polo-playing scion of a wealthy landowning clan and a political novice, as her intellectual equal, and the two lived apart for the last years of her life.

But he became the leader of the Pakistan People's Party when she was assassinated last December, and after leading the party to victory in parliamentary elections just six weeks later, Mr. Zardari made it clear that he wanted more than a ceremonial role.

After the elections, the PPP at first aligned with the second-biggest opposition vote-getter, the party of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. But that partnership collapsed in August amid acrimony over restoring the judges fired last year by Mr. Musharraf.

Pakistani media reports said Mr. Sharif, one of the country's most popular politicians, had telephoned Mr. Zardari to offer congratulations. His party's presidential candidate, Saeed Uzzaman Siddiqui, trailed in the vote, with the candidate of Mr. Musharraf's party, Mushahid Hussain Sayed, finishing last.

It was not yet clear whether Mr. Sharif's party would push ahead with a drive, begun with Mr. Zardari's help, to limit the constitutional powers of the presidency. While Mr. Musharraf was in office, the two parties feared he might use his authority to dissolve Parliament and the government.

Mr. Zardari's public image is complicated. His wife's assassination brought sympathy for him and the couple's three teenage children.

But many people remain mistrustful of him over corruption charges dating to the 1990s; the derisive nickname given him by political opponents has never gone away: "Mr. 10 Percent," for the kickbacks he allegedly demanded on government contracts.

Although never convicted, Mr. Zardari spent 11 years in prison in connection with the accusations of corruption and other charges.

Mr. Zardari, like Bhutto, is seen as friendly to the West, a stance that is politically difficult for any Pakistani leader amid a growing furor over U.S. strikes at militants taking shelter in Pakistan's tribal areas. A ground raid Wednesday killed as many as 20 people.

Pakistan denounces such incursions as a violation of its sovereignty, but many people believe Mr. Zardari tacitly has given the Bush administration the go-ahead for unilateral military actions. In what might have been a bid to counter that perception, Pakistan's government announced Friday that it was suspending shipments of U.S. military supplies through the Khyber Pass, a vital supply route that runs through one of the tribal areas and into Afghanistan.

Mindful of the sensitivities, U.S. officials were positive but low-key about Mr. Zardari's election.

"President Bush looks forward to working with him, Prime Minister (Yousaf Raza) Gillani and the government of Pakistan on issues important to both countries, including counterterrorism and making sure Pakistan has a stable and secure economy," said Gordon Johndroe, a spokesman for the National Security Council.

Yesterday's vote by lawmakers generated little excitement inside Pakistan, which has been buffeted by more than 18 months of political turmoil that saw Mrs. Bhutto's assassination and Mr. Musharraf's fall from power. With no popular vote, there was no campaign -- merely a few days of behind-the-scenes jockeying for power in the wake of Mr. Musharraf's resignation. In the days leading up to the vote, people who were asked about the balloting said they were more concerned about soaring food prices and electricity cuts.

In electing him, Mr. Zardari's party did all it could to put forth reminders of Bhutto's legacy. Her two daughters were in Parliament's gallery as the vote took place. Some lawmakers who had been close associates of the slain prime minister wept as the ballots were tallied.

Speaking to a party gathering afterward, Mr. Zardari cast himself as Mrs. Bhutto's political heir and vowed to prove his critics wrong.

"To those who say ... the presidency would be controversial under our guardianship, I would say, 'Listen to democracy,' " he said.